Which financial concept refers to the profit realized after all operating expenses have been deducted?

The financial concept that refers to the profit realized after all operating expenses have been deducted is net operating income. This metric is crucial in real estate and property management because it provides a clear picture of a property's profitability from its operations, exclusive of financing and tax considerations.

Net operating income (NOI) is calculated by taking the total rental income generated from the property and subtracting all operating expenses, which typically include maintenance, property management fees, property taxes, and insurance. This leaves a figure that best reflects the operational profitability of the property before accounting for mortgage costs, capital expenditures, and potential tax impacts.

Understanding NOI is essential for property management and investment analysis as it allows stakeholders to evaluate a property's performance effectively and make informed decisions regarding valuations and future investments. This measure is often used in financial ratios and can indicate the sustainability and potential return on investment for property owners.